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Björn at Haugi
Björn at Haugi ("Björn at the Barrow" from the Old Norse word ''haugr'' meaning mound), Björn på Håga, Björn II or Bern was according to ''Hervarar saga'' a Swedish king and the son of Erik Björnsson, and Björn ruled together in diarchy with his brother Anund Uppsale:
This account dates king Björn to the first half of the 9th century, as his nephew Eric Anundsson was the contemporary of Harald Fairhair.〔Jónsson, Finnur (1890). "(Om skjaldepoesien og de ældste skjalde )", in Kock, Axel (Ed.). ''Arkiv för nordisk filologi, sjätte bandet. Ny följd: andra bandet.'' C.W.K. Gleerups förlag, Lund. p. 144.〕 ''Landnámabók'' mentions a Swede named Þórðr knappr who was one of the first settlers in Iceland and whose father was called Björn at Haugi.〔〔The relevant page of ''(Landnámabók )'' in the English translation at Northvegr.〕 Moreover, Björn and his court skald Bragi the Old are mentioned also in ''Skáldatal'', where a second court skald also is mentioned, Erpr lútandi.〔(''Skáldatal''. )〕〔Jónsson, Finnur (1890). "(Om skjaldepoesien og de ældste skjalde )", in Kock, Axel (Ed.). ''Arkiv för nordisk filologi, sjätte bandet. Ny följd: andra bandet.'' C.W.K. Gleerups förlag, Lund. p. 143.〕
A confirmation on the historicity of king Björn at Haugi is found in Rimbert's (d. 888) ''Vita Ansgarii'', where he talks of a king Björn (''rex Bern'') and says on Ansgar's voyage in 827: "Tandem ad ''portum regni'' ipsorum, qui Byrca dicitur, pervenerunt, ubi benigne a rege, qui Bern vocabatur, suscepti sunt".〔 This king Björn is generally considered to be the same as Björn at Haugi〔〔The article ''(Sweden )'' in the Britannica of 1911.〕 and this as early as Langebek〔 who lived in the mid-18th century. Some scholars have called this Bern "king of Birca", but this has no foundation in Rimbert's writings, as Rimbert writes that Ansgar went ashore in Birca, which was in king Björn's kingdom.〔(Jónsson, Finnur. (1890). "Om skjaldepoesien og de ældste skjalde", in Kock, Axel (Ed.). ''Arkiv för nordisk filologi, sjätte bandet. Ny följd: andra bandet.'' C.W.K. Gleerups förlag, Lund. pp. 144-145. )〕 During Ansgar's visits there was also a Swedish king Anund who had been exiled but returned with Danish help,〔(The article ''Anund'' in ''Nordisk familjebok'' (1904). )〕〔(Medieval Sourcebook: Rimbert: Life of Anskar, the Apostle of the North, 801-865, in translation by Charles. H. Robinson. )〕 and this Anoundus is the same as Björn's brother Önund,〔 who is mentioned in ''Hervarar saga''.〔
==Notes and references==
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